(b) Civil Services ethics has everything to do with management. It is as much a Departmental as a personal issue. Leaders who fail to create systems that facilitate ethical conduct are equally to blame as much as those who indulge in ethical misconduct. Do you think the Departmental culture leads to ethical misconduct or is the individual with weak willpower culpable? Discuss.

The spine toppers built

1. Open

   • Define the key term first
   • Context-hook opening

2. Build

   • Numbered enumeration
   • Directive-mirroring headers
   • Both sides before the verdict

3. Close

   • Verdict conclusion
   • Forward-looking close

constructionMoves they converged on

• Numbered enumeration65% of answers

  Enumerate points as a numbered list.

• Define the key term first63% of answers

  Open by defining the central term.

• Example as evidence57% of answers

  Tag a concrete example explicitly as evidence.

• Verdict conclusion55% of answers

  End with a clear verdict.

• Directive-mirroring headers37% of answers

  Headers that mirror the question's directive.

• Thinker / quote as authority28% of answers

  Invoke a thinker or quote as authority.

• Both sides before the verdict28% of answers

  Weigh both sides before taking a stand.

• Multi-dimensional buckets28% of answers

  Sort points into clear dimensions (social, economic…).

stairsEvidence toppers carried (per answer)