4. (b) What do you understand by Integrity Pacts? In light of recent events, analyse their utility in ensuring transparency and efficiency in public procurement in India.

The spine toppers built

1. Open

   • Define the key term first
   • Context-hook opening

2. Build

   • Numbered enumeration
   • Directive-mirroring headers
   • Multi-dimensional buckets

3. Close

   • Verdict conclusion
   • Forward-looking close

constructionMoves they converged on

• Numbered enumeration62% of answers

  Enumerate points as a numbered list.

• Define the key term first54% of answers

  Open by defining the central term.

• Example as evidence46% of answers

  Tag a concrete example explicitly as evidence.

• Verdict conclusion38% of answers

  End with a clear verdict.

• ‘However’ pivot36% of answers

  Pivot to nuance with a qualifier.

• Directive-mirroring headers34% of answers

  Headers that mirror the question's directive.

• Multi-dimensional buckets32% of answers

  Sort points into clear dimensions (social, economic…).

• Both sides before the verdict26% of answers

  Weigh both sides before taking a stand.

stairsEvidence toppers carried (per answer)

account_treeCase anatomy · Public service values

• Chosen option97% of toppers
• Justification96% of toppers
• Ethical issues95% of toppers
• Stakeholders78% of toppers
• Options76% of toppers
• Values in conflict70% of toppers