1 (b) Determination of ethics in state policies and actions is not easy because every policy and action has both positive and negative aspects viewed from different stakeholders' perspectives. Discuss with suitable examples.

The spine toppers built

1. Open

   • Define the key term first
   • Context-hook opening

2. Build

   • Numbered enumeration
   • Directive-mirroring headers
   • Problems then remedies

3. Close

   • Verdict conclusion
   • Forward-looking close

constructionMoves they converged on

• Numbered enumeration66% of answers

  Enumerate points as a numbered list.

• Verdict conclusion66% of answers

  End with a clear verdict.

• Define the key term first56% of answers

  Open by defining the central term.

• Example as evidence56% of answers

  Tag a concrete example explicitly as evidence.

  Advaitaair hostess stressAmazon tribesAnekantavada+2
• Directive-mirroring headers39% of answers

  Headers that mirror the question's directive.

• ‘However’ pivot29% of answers

  Pivot to nuance with a qualifier.

• Problems then remedies29% of answers

  Pair each problem with a remedy.

• Thinker / quote as authority29% of answers

  Invoke a thinker or quote as authority.

  Mahatma GandhiBaumeister and BushmanImmanuel KantJc Bose+2

inventory_2Anchors they deployed as moves

• Examplesas evidence (example)· 39% of answers
  Amazon tribesDiwali & Lord RamSikh LangarNon-eating of meat
• Thinkersas authority (thinker / quote)· 24% of answers
  GandhiPlatoMahatma GandhiMill's Utilitarianism, Kantian Ethics
• Peopleas evidence (example)· 17% of answers
  IAS Pooja SinghalIPS Anuj SheikhDM NepalganjMichael Phelps
• Schemesas evidence (scheme)· 12% of answers
  MNREGAPDSNEP 2020Beti Bachao Beti Padhao
• Principlesas evidence (example)· 10% of answers
  AnekantavadaAdvaitaSarva Dharma SambhaavamVasudhaiva Kutumbakam

stairsEvidence toppers carried (per answer)